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A stock's beta is a comparative measure of how the stock performs relative to the market as a whole. The basic premise is that a rising market generally tends to boost most stock values with it, while a falling market is apt to lower them. The beta is a calculated method of determining just how close the correlation between the two is.
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Investors normally make decisions about which bonds to invest in based on their YTMs. Because the YTM is a complex calculation which involves trail and error, it's usually accomplished with the help of a programmable business calculator. Bonds pay interest in arrears; in other words, they pay interest only after it's earned.
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Guaranteed investment contracts are similar to certificates of deposit that can be purchased at banks; however, they are sold by insurance companies. Like money market funds, they're very safe investments; and like all investments that are considered to be "very safe", they won't make you very much money. Also known by other names - fixed-income fund, stable value fund, capital-preservation fund, or guaranteed fund.
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Municipal bonds are debt obligations of states, cities, and other public subdivisions. Most, but not all, of them pay interest that is exempt from federal income taxes. This interest is also often exempt from state and local taxes. A small proportion pays taxable interest or interest that is subject to the alternative minimum tax. Municipal bonds can be purchased through nearly any brokerage company. Investment companies that hold portfolios of municipal funds can also enjoy the tax-exempt income that they provide.
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Municipal bonds are debt obligations of states, cities, and other public subdivisions. Most, but not all, of them pay interest that is exempt from federal income taxes. This interest is also often exempt from state and local taxes. A small proportion pays taxable interest or interest that is subject to the alternative minimum tax. Municipal bonds can be purchased through nearly any brokerage company. Investment companies that hold portfolios of municipal funds can also enjoy the tax-exempt income that they provide.
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On occasion companies choose to conserve their useable cash by paying their shareholders with stock dividends, which, as the name implies, are dividends that are distributed in the form of company stock. The organization recapitalizes its earnings and issues new shares, which has no effect on its total assets and liabilities. Stock dividends are usually expressed as a percentage of the number of shares that the company has outstanding.
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Generally, there are five basic methods that the investing public uses to identify and purchase the stocks they buy. This is not to imply that any particular investor employs more than one or two of these techniques (which can be either very good or very bad, depending on which end of the list you're talking about).
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As an employee, you could simultaneously be in both the best and worst positions to analyze the financial prospects of the company you work for. Ideally, you're in the best position to know whether your products or services are selling well, whether or not you're reaching performance goals in terms of revenues and profits, and whether upper management has a strong vision for the future.
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Common stocks represent ownership in a corporation; whereas bonds are literally IOUs, thereby making bondholders creditors of the company. Stockholders, as owners of the corporation, have a claim to income and assets and are entitled to voting rights.
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A dividend is a profit distribution paid by a company to its shareholders. The profits may originate from normal company operations or from the organization's investment activities. The company's board of directors determines and declares cash dividends periodically – typically on a quarterly, semiannual, or annual basis. They can be paid to shareholders in the form of cash or as additional shares of company stock, though stock dividends are usually only issued when the board wants to reinvest cash profits to fuel future company growth.
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